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Grain boundary motion of carbon nanotube reinforced aluminium
Phase-field simulations to investigate Zener drag of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced composites were done. In particular, effects of shape and length/diameter ratio of CNTs were studied. The results show a very sensitive pinning effect of CNT due to their orientation, distance and position within the grain boundary network. The fulfilment of the mechanical equilibrium (Young's law) at the triple junctions connected to the CNTs plays an important role during pinning. Large-scale simulation results suggest a more efficient Zener drag by shorter CNTs for longer CNTs of the same volume fraction and diameter.