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The experimental phase equilibria of the Mn-Si-Zn system available in the literature were critically evaluated. Thermodynamic assessment of the Mn-Si-Zn system was then performed in the framework of CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) method on the basis of the experimental data in the literature. The optimal thermodynamic parameters of the ternary system were then obtained, yielding a good agreement with most of the experimental data. The complete liquidus projection and reaction scheme was also presented for the Mn-Si-Zn system. It is noteworthy that a stable closed liquid miscibility gap appears in the computed ternary phase diagrams, even though it is metastable in three boundary binaries. The occurrence of such a closed miscibility gap can be predicted by a criterion considering the general thermodynamic rules and the features of the three constituent binary systems.